{"id":13647,"date":"2026-06-20T12:29:31","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T12:29:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.iita.org\/news-item\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T21:37:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T21:37:15","slug":"how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata","status":"publish","type":"news-item","link":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment les gu\u00eapes sont utilis\u00e9es pour lutter contre le ravageur destructeur du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 \u2014 Maruca vitrata"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iita.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/RCT7H5GM.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-20343 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/RCT7H5GM-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"International Year of Plant Health 2020\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>Maruca vitrata<\/em>, \u00e9galement connu sous le nom de \u00ab foreur des gousses de maruca \u00bb, est l&#x27;un des ravageurs les plus d\u00e9vastateurs du ni\u00e9b\u00e9 en Afrique. C&#x27;est au stade larvaire, celui de la chenille, qu&#x27;il est le plus destructeur : il s&#x27;attaque aux fleurs et aux gousses de diverses l\u00e9gumineuses, entra\u00eenant des pertes de rendement pouvant atteindre 80%. Les agriculteurs ont recours \u00e0 des applications inappropri\u00e9es de pesticides, certains pulv\u00e9risant les l\u00e9gumineuses jusqu\u2019\u00e0 six fois au cours d\u2019une saison de culture, qui dure deux mois. L&#x27;utilisation intensive de pesticides est nocive pour l&#x27;homme et l&#x27;environnement, car les haricots contiennent des r\u00e9sidus de pesticides qui nuisent \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 humaine lorsqu&#x27;ils sont consomm\u00e9s. De plus, cette utilisation intensive de pesticides tue sans distinction d&#x27;autres insectes utiles. Les scientifiques de l&#x27;IITA bas\u00e9s \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/iita-countries\/benin\/\">Cotonou<\/a> B\u00e9nin, dirig\u00e9 par <a href=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/iita-staff\/tamo-manuele\/\">Manuele Tam\u00f2<\/a> un \u00e9cologiste des insectes, utilise le biocontr\u00f4le pour lutter contre ce ravageur destructeur. Le biocontr\u00f4le est l'utilisation d'ennemis naturels pour lutter contre un nuisible. Dans cette vid\u00e9o, Manu explique le processus d'utilisation d'un ennemi naturel \u2014 une gu\u00eape \u2014 pour lutter contre le destructeur <em>Maruca vitrata<\/em> ravageur du ni\u00e9b\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><iframe title=\"Lutte biologique : combattre les nuisibles \u00e0 l&#039;aide d&#039;ennemis naturels - Partie 01\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FpPL15lUbUY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maruca vitrata, also known as Maruca pod borer, is one of the most devastating insect pests of cowpea in Africa. Its larvae stage, the caterpillar, is the most destructive and attacks flowers and pods of various legumes causing up to 80% yield loss.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":13648,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"tags":[539],"science-area":[],"program":[],"location":[26],"news-type":[],"hub":[61],"crop":[],"impact-areas":[],"item-year":[198],"class_list":["post-13647","news-item","type-news-item","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-cowpeamarucamaruca-vitrata","location-benin","hub-western-africa","item-year-198"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How wasps are used to control the destructive cowpea pest\u2014Maruca vitrata - IITA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How wasps are used to control the destructive cowpea pest\u2014Maruca vitrata - IITA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Maruca vitrata, also known as Maruca pod borer, is one of the most devastating insect pests of cowpea in Africa. Its larvae stage, the caterpillar, is the most destructive and attacks flowers and pods of various legumes causing up to 80% yield loss.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IITA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/IITA.CGIAR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-29T21:37:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Cowpea-adult-female-parasitoid-biocontrol-agent.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"751\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@IITA_CGIAR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iita.org\\\/news-item\\\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iita.org\\\/news-item\\\/how-wasps-are-used-to-control-the-destructive-cowpea-pest-maruca-vitrata\\\/\",\"name\":\"How wasps are used to control the destructive cowpea pest\u2014Maruca vitrata - 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