{"id":14584,"date":"2026-06-20T12:36:29","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T12:36:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.iita.org\/news-item\/study-highlights-environmental-and-seasonal-effects-on-maize-hybrids\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T21:24:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T21:24:35","slug":"study-highlights-environmental-and-seasonal-effects-on-maize-hybrids","status":"publish","type":"news-item","link":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/study-highlights-environmental-and-seasonal-effects-on-maize-hybrids\/","title":{"rendered":"Une \u00e9tude met en \u00e9vidence les effets environnementaux et saisonniers sur les hybrides de ma\u00efs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le ma\u00efs est une c\u00e9r\u00e9ale de base en Afrique qui est \u00e9galement consomm\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale. Riche en prot\u00e9ines, cette culture, qui constitue une source importante de fibres alimentaires dans la nutrition humaine, est \u00e9galement l'un des principaux ingr\u00e9dients dans la production d'aliments pour animaux en raison de sa haute teneur en \u00e9nergie et de sa digestibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Maize
Hybrides de ma\u00efs cultiv\u00e9s dans l'une des cinq zones agro-\u00e9cologiques du Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cependant, pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es, les agriculteurs de l'Afrique rurale ont manqu\u00e9 d'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des technologies agricoles am\u00e9lior\u00e9es, \u00e0 des semences propres et r\u00e9sistantes aux ravageurs, ainsi qu'\u00e0 des pratiques agronomiques appropri\u00e9es qui contribueront \u00e0 r\u00e9former la valeur \u00e9conomique du ma\u00efs. Cultiv\u00e9 par les agriculteurs ruraux, le ma\u00efs a \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9 comme l'une des cultures capables de lutter contre les p\u00e9nuries alimentaires mondiales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divers sch\u00e9mas agro\u00e9cologiques influencent la production de ma\u00efs, y compris la culture, la qualit\u00e9 et les composants nutritionnels. Les caract\u00e9ristiques nutritionnelles, notamment les glucides, les min\u00e9raux (par exemple, le potassium et le magn\u00e9sium) et les fibres, font de cette culture une source alimentaire importante pour des millions de personnes \u00e0 travers le monde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cinq IITA<\/a>\u2013CGIAR<\/a> des chercheurs, dont un scientifique en science et technologie des aliments Oladeji Alamu<\/a>, a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une \u00e9tude visant \u00e0 fournir aux s\u00e9lectionneurs davantage d'informations sur l'effet de facteurs tels que le g\u00e9notype, l'emplacement et la saison de plantation sur la composition nutritionnelle de vingt-cinq hybrides de ma\u00efs. Ces hybrides de ma\u00efs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cultiv\u00e9s au cours de deux saisons dans cinq zones agro\u00e9cologiques \u00e0 travers le Nigeria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'\u00e9tude a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que parmi les facteurs \u00e9tudi\u00e9s, l'environnement de plantation et la saison affectent de mani\u00e8re significative la composition proximale et l'\u00e9nergie m\u00e9tabolisable (EM) de quatorze hybrides de ma\u00efs. Selon l'\u00e9tude, l'EM est l'\u00e9nergie restante apr\u00e8s la perte d'\u00e9nergie f\u00e9cale et urinaire ; elle est donc disponible pour la croissance ou la reproduction afin de soutenir des processus m\u00e9taboliques tels que la locomotion et la respiration. En revanche, la teneur en eau et l'EM n'\u00e9taient pas sp\u00e9cifiques aux diff\u00e9rences de conditions environnementales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De plus, l'\u00e9tude a \u00e9tabli que l'environnement de plantation a affect\u00e9 les caract\u00e9ristiques de qualit\u00e9 du ma\u00efs telles que la teneur en glucides, en prot\u00e9ines et en cendres plus que le g\u00e9notype, en raison des deux saisons de plantation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le cadre de la validation des r\u00e9sultats de l'\u00e9tude, Alamu a constat\u00e9 que les hybrides de ma\u00efs \u2013 LY1501, LY100-18 et LY1501 sont riches en prot\u00e9ines, en \u00e9nergie m\u00e9tabolisable et en glucides totaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'\u00e9tude a recommand\u00e9 ces hybrides de ma\u00efs aux obtenteurs dans le cadre des composants utilis\u00e9s pour produire des produits alimentaires \u00e0 base de ma\u00efs appr\u00e9ci\u00e9s des consommateurs, tant pour un usage domestique qu'industriel. Cela contribuera \u00e0 la croissance de l'\u00e9conomie agricole tout en am\u00e9liorant les moyens de subsistance des agriculteurs ruraux gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des semences am\u00e9lior\u00e9es et \u00e0 une production accrue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contribu\u00e9 par Anita Akinyomade<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Maize is a staple cereal across Africa that is also consumed globally. Rich in protein, the crop that is a significant source of dietary fiber in human nutrition is also one of the primary…<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":14585,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"tags":[936],"science-area":[],"program":[],"location":[32],"news-type":[],"hub":[],"crop":[68],"impact-areas":[],"item-year":[201],"class_list":["post-14584","news-item","type-news-item","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-farmershomeiita-news-no-2675maizemaize-hybridsmaize-productionnutritionprotein","location-nigeria","crop-maize","item-year-201"],"yoast_head":"\nStudy highlights environmental and seasonal effects on maize hybrids - IITA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/study-highlights-environmental-and-seasonal-effects-on-maize-hybrids\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Study highlights environmental and seasonal effects on maize hybrids - IITA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Maize is a staple cereal across Africa that is also consumed globally. 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