{"id":17959,"date":"2026-06-20T13:00:44","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T13:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.iita.org\/news-item\/empowering-smallholder-farmers-through-digital-innovations-lessons-from-the-ict4bxw-project\/"},"modified":"2026-06-29T16:55:29","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T16:55:29","slug":"empowering-smallholder-farmers-through-digital-innovations-lessons-from-the-ict4bxw-project","status":"publish","type":"news-item","link":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/news-item\/empowering-smallholder-farmers-through-digital-innovations-lessons-from-the-ict4bxw-project\/","title":{"rendered":"Autonomiser les petits exploitants agricoles gr\u00e2ce aux innovations num\u00e9riques : Le\u00e7ons du projet ICT4BXW"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Farmers
Des agriculteurs dans une bananeraie d\u00e9couvrant une application mobile sur un t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une observation essentielle ressort du paysage changeant du d\u00e9veloppement agricole, en particulier des interactions avec les agriculteurs : ces derniers comprennent souvent leur contexte agricole mieux que quiconque. Cependant, de nombreux projets de d\u00e9veloppement et de recherche sont mis en \u0153uvre en partant du principe que les innovations con\u00e7ues par les scientifiques et les d\u00e9veloppeurs de haut niveau sont intrins\u00e8quement adapt\u00e9es et peuvent \u00eatre facilement adopt\u00e9es par les agriculteurs. La r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est plus complexe, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par des d\u00e9calages entre les attentes et les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s, ce qui entra\u00eene souvent une faible adoption et une durabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e des innovations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Projet ICT4BXW<\/a> illustre l'importance d'aligner la conception des projets sur les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s contextuelles des agriculteurs. Sur une p\u00e9riode de six ans (2018-2023), le projet a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en \u0153uvre pour d\u00e9ployer l'innovation num\u00e9rique dans le but de surveiller et de contr\u00f4ler la fl\u00e9trissure bact\u00e9rienne du bananier (BXW) au Rwanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En tant que maladie d\u00e9vastatrice du bananier, le BXW a eu un impact significatif sur les moyens de subsistance des petits exploitants agricoles. Bien que le projet ait initialement envisag\u00e9 de fournir des outils num\u00e9riques sur smartphone pour lutter contre la maladie, l'engagement aupr\u00e8s des agriculteurs et du syst\u00e8me national de vulgarisation a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d'une approche plus nuanc\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le projet ICT4BXW a commenc\u00e9 par la cr\u00e9ation et la diffusion d'outils num\u00e9riques pour aider les agriculteurs et les agents de vulgarisation \u00e0 lutter contre la BXW. Cependant, les premi\u00e8res consultations ont mis en \u00e9vidence des obstacles importants \u00e0 l'adoption, notamment la faible connectivit\u00e9 Internet dans les zones rurales, l'alphab\u00e9tisation num\u00e9rique limit\u00e9e et la faible possession de smartphones parmi les agriculteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conscient de ces d\u00e9fis, le projet a r\u00e9orient\u00e9 et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une suite d'outils adapt\u00e9s aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s des agriculteurs. Ceux-ci comprenaient l'USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data), un syst\u00e8me textuel accessible sur les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones mobiles de base ; le SVI (Serveur Vocal Interactif), qui fournissait des messages audio dans les langues locales pour guider les agriculteurs ; des chatbots pour ceux dont les comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques \u00e9taient limit\u00e9es ; et des canaux de communication traditionnels tels que des programmes radio, des r\u00e9unions communautaires et des bulletins d'information pour toucher un public plus large. Cette approche diversifi\u00e9e a garanti que, quelles que soient leurs capacit\u00e9s technologiques, les agriculteurs pouvaient acc\u00e9der aux outils dont ils avaient besoin pour prot\u00e9ger leurs cultures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'\u00e9quipe du projet ICT4BXW a surmont\u00e9 les hauts et les bas de la conception, du d\u00e9veloppement, des tests et de la mise \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle des outils num\u00e9riques co-imagin\u00e9s, et a pris des mesures suppl\u00e9mentaires pour synth\u00e9tiser et publier les le\u00e7ons essentielles apprises qui pourront guider les futures initiatives d'innovation num\u00e9rique dans l'agriculture. Au c\u0153ur de ces le\u00e7ons se trouve l'importance de valoriser la contribution des agriculteurs \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape du projet. Les solutions d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es doivent r\u00e9pondre aux d\u00e9fis et aux contraintes sp\u00e9cifiques de la communaut\u00e9 cible. S'appuyer sur des leaders communautaires, tels que les promoteurs agricoles, qui sont des relais d'opinion de confiance, s'est av\u00e9r\u00e9 d\u00e9terminant pour diffuser les outils et les connaissances. La formation de ces influenceurs a garanti une plus grande adoption au sein des communaut\u00e9s. Les incitations ont \u00e9galement jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le important en encourageant les agriculteurs \u00e0 tester et \u00e0 utiliser les outils num\u00e9riques. Cependant, lorsque les incitations ont pris fin, on a assist\u00e9 \u00e0 une baisse notable de l'utilisation des outils, ce qui souligne la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de strat\u00e9gies de motivation durables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'\u00e9quipe de projet a soulign\u00e9 un point critique : \u201c La quatri\u00e8me r\u00e9volution agricole, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par des avanc\u00e9es num\u00e9riques et technologiques, redessine les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires mondiaux. \u201d Les agriculteurs africains doivent participer \u00e0 cette transformation pour garantir une s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire durable. Cependant, l'engagement et l'autonomisation des petits exploitants agricoles sont essentiels pour concr\u00e9tiser la vision de la transformation. Les projets peuvent obtenir une plus grande pertinence, une meilleure adoption et un impact accru en associant les agriculteurs au processus de d\u00e9veloppement et en concevant des solutions qui refl\u00e8tent leurs r\u00e9alit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bien que le projet ICT4BXW ait fait des progr\u00e8s significatifs dans la lutte contre la BXW, il a \u00e9galement mis en lumi\u00e8re les d\u00e9fis li\u00e9s \u00e0 la p\u00e9rennisation de l'innovation num\u00e9rique dans les syst\u00e8mes agricoles familiaux. Le d\u00e9clin progressif (sans incitation) puis la r\u00e9surgence (par la r\u00e9introduction d'incitations) de l'utilisation de l'outil num\u00e9rique principal apr\u00e8s la fin du projet soulignent l'importance d'un engagement et d'un soutien constants. Les initiatives futures doivent explorer des moyens de garantir une adoption \u00e0 long terme en int\u00e9grant les outils num\u00e9riques dans des syst\u00e8mes d'appui agricole plus larges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0Contribu\u00e9 par Ritha Bumwe<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisez la publication compl\u00e8te ici : L'adoption de l'innovation num\u00e9rique par les agriculteurs au Rwanda<\/a> pour plus d'informations.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One critical observation stands out in the evolving landscape of agricultural development especially from farmers\u2019 engagements.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":17960,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"tags":[2546],"science-area":[],"program":[],"location":[32],"news-type":[],"hub":[61],"crop":[],"impact-areas":[],"item-year":[203],"class_list":["post-17959","news-item","type-news-item","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-digital-agriculturedigital-toolsfarmerict4bxwiita-news-no-2775innovation-adoptionplant-healthresearchscalingsmallholder","location-nigeria","hub-western-africa","item-year-203"],"yoast_head":"\nEmpowering smallholder farmers through digital innovations: Lessons from the ICT4BXW Project - 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