Le manioc est une source essentielle de calories dans les plaines et les zones de moyenne altitude d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est, o\u00f9 il repr\u00e9sente environ 101 % de la production mondiale de manioc. Il est cultiv\u00e9 sur environ 11,5 millions d\u2019hectares, la Tanzanie, le Kenya et l\u2019Ouganda contribuant de mani\u00e8re significative \u00e0 cette production. La consommation de manioc par habitant est importante, avec deux segments de march\u00e9 majeurs (frais et transform\u00e9), qui jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel dans la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance. Cependant, en raison de multiples contraintes de production, les rendements en racines de manioc en Afrique de l'Est ne repr\u00e9sentent que 25 \u00e0 30 % de leur potentiel dans les champs des agriculteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lors d'\u00e9pid\u00e9mies importantes, les deux maladies virales les plus courantes, la mosa\u00efque du manioc (CMD) et la maladie des stries brunes du manioc (CBSD), peuvent entra\u00eener \u00e0 elles seules jusqu'\u00e0 70% de pertes de production. Leur propagation est encore aggrav\u00e9e par des ravageurs majeurs tels que les aleurodes et les cochenilles, qui aggravent la situation. Par ailleurs, des facteurs environnementaux tels que la s\u00e9cheresse, la baisse de la fertilit\u00e9 des sols et le stress thermique limitent encore davantage les rendements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pour exploiter pleinement le potentiel du manioc, nous devons surmonter ces obstacles gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des solutions innovantes. Le programme de s\u00e9lection du manioc de l\u2019East African Hub est \u00e0 la pointe des efforts visant \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de manioc \u00e0 haut rendement, r\u00e9sistantes aux maladies et adapt\u00e9es au changement climatique, qui r\u00e9pondent aux besoins des agriculteurs et des march\u00e9s. Le programme vise \u00e0 augmenter les rendements du manioc et \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les moyens de subsistance de millions d\u2019agriculteurs en utilisant des techniques de s\u00e9lection de pointe et en s\u2019appuyant sur la collaboration r\u00e9gionale. Il cherche \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la productivit\u00e9 du manioc en Tanzanie, au Kenya et en Ouganda en d\u00e9veloppant et en diffusant des cultivars am\u00e9lior\u00e9s. Par rapport \u00e0 la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, nos vari\u00e9t\u00e9s am\u00e9lior\u00e9es devraient pr\u00e9senter un gain de rendement de 10 \u00e0 181 TP3T lorsqu\u2019elles seront commercialis\u00e9es en tant que produits innovants (BTP) dans toute la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Objectifs du projet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Le manioc est une source essentielle de calories dans les plaines et les zones de moyenne altitude d'Afrique de l'Est, o\u00f9 il repr\u00e9sente environ 101 % de la production mondiale de manioc. Il est cultiv\u00e9 sur environ 11,5 millions d'hectares, la Tanzanie, le Kenya et l'Ouganda contribuant de mani\u00e8re significative \u00e0 cette production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Cassava is an essential source of calories in Eastern Africa’s lowlands and mid-altitudes, accounting for around 10% of global cassava […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"science-area":[],"location":[28,27,47],"hub":[62],"project-status":[],"crop":[66],"impact-areas":[],"research-theme":[],"item-year":[],"class_list":["post-1057","project","type-project","status-publish","hentry","location-kenya","location-tanzania","location-uganda","hub-eastern-africa","crop-cassava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/1057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/1057\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12553,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/1057\/revisions\/12553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1057"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"science-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/science-area?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"hub","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hub?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"project-status","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project-status?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"crop","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/crop?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"impact-areas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/impact-areas?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"research-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-theme?post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"item-year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iita.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/item-year?post=1057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}