Des variétés améliorées à l'impact sur le marché : le succès du manioc de l'IITA
IITA scientists have played a leading role in developing improved cassava varieties which are disease- and pest-resistant, low in cyanide potential, drought-resistant, early maturing, and high yielding. Disease-resistant varieties give sustainable yields of about 50% more than local varieties. Distribution of CMD-resistant varieties in response to the CMD outbreak in East and Central Africa resulted in production levels recovering to pre-epidemic levels in less than five years. Improved cassava varieties are now used in most cassava-growing countries in SSA.
Le programme de lutte biologique de l'IITA a permis de réduire de 951 TP3T les dégâts causés par la cochenille du manioc et de 501 TP3T ceux causés par l'acarien vert du manioc.
Postharvest strategies include the development of effective and simple machines and tools that reduce processing time and labor, and production losses. With these machines, losses can be reduced by 50% and labor by 75%. About 20% of the cassava harvest are peels and can be processed into livestock free ingredients.
Au cours des trois dernières décennies, l'IITA a formé plus de 9 000 chercheurs et techniciens dans dix pays africains sur le traitement et les utilisations de la farine de manioc de haute qualité (FMHQ). Par conséquent, le secteur privé à Madagascar, au Nigéria, en Tanzanie et en Ouganda a commencé à utiliser la FMHQ comme matière première pour le traitement de produits secondaires tels que les biscuits et les nouilles.
Currently IITA is adapting the stage gate approach within cassava breeding to make breeding more socially inclusive and demand-driven, thereby increasing the impact of breeding efforts. An interdisciplinary team of social scientists that includes gender specialists and marketing experts guide the identification cassava characteristics and traits valued by different actors across the value chain: farmers, processors, marketers, and consumers. A major focus is strengthening the link between cassava food product quality and the varieties being developed.